Flashcards
1 of 24
Musculoskeletal System | Definitions
Deck complete
You’ve reviewed 24 terms. Keep up the good work!
tap to flip
Print
Musculoskeletal System | Definitions
Agonist
The muscle that contracts and gets shorter.
Antagonist
The muscle that relaxes and gets longer.
Antagonistic Muscle Pair
Two muscles that work with opposing actions and have opposite effects.
Arthritis
A painful bone disorder where there is inflammation in one or more joints, resulting in swelling, warmth, pain and restricted movement.
Ball and Socket Joint
A joint that allows movement in all directions, e.g. hip and shoulder.
Diaphysis
The long shaft of the bone.
Epiphysis
The head of the bone.
Hinge Joint
A joint that allows movement in one direction only, e.g. knee and elbow.
Joint
Anywhere in the human body where two or more bones meet.
Osteoblast
A bone-forming cell.
Osteoclasts
A cell that breaks bones down.
Endoskeleton
An internal skeleton, e.g. the skeleton of vertebrates.
Osteocytes
A bone-maintaining cell.
Periosteum
The outer membrane of protective tissue that covers most of our bones.
Tendon
Connects muscle to bone, e.g. the Achilles tendon connects calf muscle to the heel bone.
Ligament
Connects bone to bone.
Cartilage
Allows friction-free movement and prevents chipping of bones.
Synovial Joint
A freely-movable joint.
Compact Bone
Hard tissue which forms the rigid outer part of the bone that provides strength.
Appendicular Skeleton
The pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, arms and legs.
Muscle
Contractile tissue that allows movement.
Bone
Hard tissue made of a protein called collagen and a salt called calcium phosphate.
Axial Skeleton
The skull, ribcage, 33 vertebrae of the spine and the sternum.
Growth Plates
Produce cartilage which is ossified to make new bone.
Cut dotted horizontal lines. Fold vertical line.
Agonist
The muscle that contracts and gets shorter.
Antagonist
The muscle that relaxes and gets longer.
Antagonistic Muscle Pair
Two muscles that work with opposing actions and have opposite effects.
Arthritis
A painful bone disorder where there is inflammation in one or more joints, resulting in swelling, warmth, pain and restricted movement.
Ball and Socket Joint
A joint that allows movement in all directions, e.g. hip and shoulder.
Diaphysis
The long shaft of the bone.
Epiphysis
The head of the bone.
Hinge Joint
A joint that allows movement in one direction only, e.g. knee and elbow.
Joint
Anywhere in the human body where two or more bones meet.
Osteoblast
A bone-forming cell.
Osteoclasts
A cell that breaks bones down.
Endoskeleton
An internal skeleton, e.g. the skeleton of vertebrates.
Osteocytes
A bone-maintaining cell.
Periosteum
The outer membrane of protective tissue that covers most of our bones.
Tendon
Connects muscle to bone, e.g. the Achilles tendon connects calf muscle to the heel bone.
Ligament
Connects bone to bone.
Cartilage
Allows friction-free movement and prevents chipping of bones.
Synovial Joint
A freely-movable joint.
Compact Bone
Hard tissue which forms the rigid outer part of the bone that provides strength.
Appendicular Skeleton
The pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, arms and legs.
Muscle
Contractile tissue that allows movement.
Bone
Hard tissue made of a protein called collagen and a salt called calcium phosphate.
Axial Skeleton
The skull, ribcage, 33 vertebrae of the spine and the sternum.
Growth Plates
Produce cartilage which is ossified to make new bone.