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Intermolecular & Intramolecular Bonding | Definitions
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Intermolecular & Intramolecular Bonding | Definitions
Activation Energy
The minimum amount of energy which colliding molecules must have before they can react together successfully.
Dipole-Dipole Interactions
Intermolecular forces where the positive end of one polarised molecule attracts the negative end of another polarised molecule.
Heterolytic Fission
The breaking of a covalent bond so that one atom retains the two shared electrons and the other atom retains none, causing ions to form.
Homolytic Fission
The breaking of a covalent bond so that each atom retains one of the shared electrons, forming two free radicals.
Hydrogen Bonding
A special type of dipole-dipole interaction which occurs when hydrogen is bonded to small, highly electronegative atoms such as O, N or F.
Intermolecular Force
The force of attraction between a molecule and another adjacent molecule.
Intramolecular Force
The forces of attraction which hold an individual molecule together.
Ionic Bond
The electrical attraction between the oppositely charged ions which are produced when electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
Lone Pair
Pair of electrons in the outer shell of an atom not involved in bonding.
Octet Rule
This states that when atoms bond together, they attain the stable structure of having eight electrons in the outer shell of their atoms.
Pi Bond
A covalent bond made by the sideways overlapping of two orbitals.
Polar Covalent Bond
A covalent bond in which the shared pair of electrons is attracted more to one of the joined atoms than the other.
Non-Polar Covalent Bond
A covalent bond in which both atoms involved in bonding have equal share of the electron bond pair.
Sigma Bond
A covalent bond made by the head-on overlapping of two orbitals. A single covalent bond is a sigma bond.
Van der Waal's Force
Weak intermolecular forces of attraction due to temporary dipoles caused by the random movement of electrons within a molecule.
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Activation Energy
The minimum amount of energy which colliding molecules must have before they can react together successfully.
Dipole-Dipole Interactions
Intermolecular forces where the positive end of one polarised molecule attracts the negative end of another polarised molecule.
Heterolytic Fission
The breaking of a covalent bond so that one atom retains the two shared electrons and the other atom retains none, causing ions to form.
Homolytic Fission
The breaking of a covalent bond so that each atom retains one of the shared electrons, forming two free radicals.
Hydrogen Bonding
A special type of dipole-dipole interaction which occurs when hydrogen is bonded to small, highly electronegative atoms such as O, N or F.
Intermolecular Force
The force of attraction between a molecule and another adjacent molecule.
Intramolecular Force
The forces of attraction which hold an individual molecule together.
Ionic Bond
The electrical attraction between the oppositely charged ions which are produced when electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
Lone Pair
Pair of electrons in the outer shell of an atom not involved in bonding.
Octet Rule
This states that when atoms bond together, they attain the stable structure of having eight electrons in the outer shell of their atoms.
Pi Bond
A covalent bond made by the sideways overlapping of two orbitals.
Polar Covalent Bond
A covalent bond in which the shared pair of electrons is attracted more to one of the joined atoms than the other.
Non-Polar Covalent Bond
A covalent bond in which both atoms involved in bonding have equal share of the electron bond pair.
Sigma Bond
A covalent bond made by the head-on overlapping of two orbitals. A single covalent bond is a sigma bond.
Van der Waal's Force
Weak intermolecular forces of attraction due to temporary dipoles caused by the random movement of electrons within a molecule.