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Periodic Table | Definitions
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Periodic Table | Definitions
Electronegativity
A measure of the relative attraction an atom of an element has for the shared pair of electrons in a single covalent bond.
First Ionisation Energy
The minimum energy in kJ required to remove one mole of the most loosely bound electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms in their ground state.
Isotope
Atoms of the same element but which differ in the number of neutrons in their nucleus, i.e. have different mass numbers.
Mass Number
The number of protons and neutrons in an atom of an element.
Valency
The number of electrons which an atom of an element must either gain, lose or share to attain a noble gas structure.
Transition Element
Metals in the d-block of the periodic table that show variable valency and often form coloured compounds.
Groups
Vertical columns of the periodic table. They contain elements with the same number of electrons in their outer shell and have similar properties.
Periods
Horizontal rows of the periodic table. They contain elements with the same number of shells occupied by electrons.
Cut dotted horizontal lines. Fold vertical line.
Electronegativity
A measure of the relative attraction an atom of an element has for the shared pair of electrons in a single covalent bond.
First Ionisation Energy
The minimum energy in kJ required to remove one mole of the most loosely bound electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms in their ground state.
Isotope
Atoms of the same element but which differ in the number of neutrons in their nucleus, i.e. have different mass numbers.
Mass Number
The number of protons and neutrons in an atom of an element.
Valency
The number of electrons which an atom of an element must either gain, lose or share to attain a noble gas structure.
Transition Element
Metals in the d-block of the periodic table that show variable valency and often form coloured compounds.
Groups
Vertical columns of the periodic table. They contain elements with the same number of electrons in their outer shell and have similar properties.
Periods
Horizontal rows of the periodic table. They contain elements with the same number of shells occupied by electrons.