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Robotic Control | Definitions
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Robotic Control | Definitions
Robot
A robot is a computer-controlled machine that performs actions normally carried out by a person.
Degrees of Freedom
The degrees of freedom of a robot arm is the number of axis through which the arm can move (a robotic arm can have six or more axis). These axis can be linear (straight line) or rotary (twisting) but they are mostly rotary (similar to the human arm). Robotic arms are well suited to spraying and welding operations.
Working Envelope
A working envelope is the volume of space that a robot arm can work in. For safety, humans must stay out of the working envelope.
Electromechanical Drives
Most robots are driven and controlled by electro-mechanical systems (a combination of electric motors, mechanisms and computers). Mechanisms such as worm drives, rack and pinions and linkages can be used to translate the rotation of the motor to the movement of the robot parts.
Open Loop Control
An open loop control system is where there is no detection or feedback of the robot position to the computer to correct its position.
Closed Loop Control
A closed loop system continually measures the position of the motor or arm using a sensor and feeds that data back to the computer. The computer keeps adjusting the motor(s) until the actual position is the same as the desired position.
Machine Vision
Machine vision (MV) is the technology and methods used to provide imaging-based automatic inspection and analysis for applications such as automatic inspection, process control and robot guidance (usually in industry). A camera or multiple cameras are used to inspect and analyse objects.
Sensor
A sensor is a device that detects and responds to some type of input from the physical environment. The input can be light, heat, motion, moisture, pressure or any number of other environmental phenomena.
Proximity Sensors
Proximity sensors are similar to parking sensors on a car. They detect nearby objects and avoid them during the desired process, for example, cleaning and parking.
Navigation Sensors
Navigation sensors rely on GPS and virtual walls to determine where the robot has been and where they have yet to go, for example, a vacuum cleaner or a lawn mower.
Autonomous Mobile Robot
Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs) are vehicles used to move materials without the need for physical guides or markers, using on-board sensors.
Opportunity Charging
Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs) drive over charging areas on their own so there's no human intervention required, leaving workers to focus on more important matters. The robots don't interrupt themselves to recharge, only driving over charging contact poles during necessary movement and between tasks thus taking the 'opportunity' to charge while moving.
Autonomous Charging
Each robot stops working to charge its battery to full power (like your phone on an adaptor). The Autonomous Mobile Robot (AMR) works continuously until the battery falls below a defined threshold (e.g. 20%) and then drives and docks itself into a charging station. After the complete charging cycle, the robot returns to the floor, ready to work.
Remote Monitoring
AMRs are connected remotely so they can be monitored from a distance by operatives while in use. This allows operatives and service engineers to plan shutdowns and services of the robots at specific times and dates. It also facilitates the mapping and editing of robots' routes and journeys.
Cut dotted horizontal lines. Fold vertical line.
Robot
A robot is a computer-controlled machine that performs actions normally carried out by a person.
Degrees of Freedom
The degrees of freedom of a robot arm is the number of axis through which the arm can move (a robotic arm can have six or more axis). These axis can be linear (straight line) or rotary (twisting) but they are mostly rotary (similar to the human arm). Robotic arms are well suited to spraying and welding operations.
Working Envelope
A working envelope is the volume of space that a robot arm can work in. For safety, humans must stay out of the working envelope.
Electromechanical Drives
Most robots are driven and controlled by electro-mechanical systems (a combination of electric motors, mechanisms and computers). Mechanisms such as worm drives, rack and pinions and linkages can be used to translate the rotation of the motor to the movement of the robot parts.
Open Loop Control
An open loop control system is where there is no detection or feedback of the robot position to the computer to correct its position.
Closed Loop Control
A closed loop system continually measures the position of the motor or arm using a sensor and feeds that data back to the computer. The computer keeps adjusting the motor(s) until the actual position is the same as the desired position.
Machine Vision
Machine vision (MV) is the technology and methods used to provide imaging-based automatic inspection and analysis for applications such as automatic inspection, process control and robot guidance (usually in industry). A camera or multiple cameras are used to inspect and analyse objects.
Sensor
A sensor is a device that detects and responds to some type of input from the physical environment. The input can be light, heat, motion, moisture, pressure or any number of other environmental phenomena.
Proximity Sensors
Proximity sensors are similar to parking sensors on a car. They detect nearby objects and avoid them during the desired process, for example, cleaning and parking.
Navigation Sensors
Navigation sensors rely on GPS and virtual walls to determine where the robot has been and where they have yet to go, for example, a vacuum cleaner or a lawn mower.
Autonomous Mobile Robot
Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs) are vehicles used to move materials without the need for physical guides or markers, using on-board sensors.
Opportunity Charging
Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs) drive over charging areas on their own so there's no human intervention required, leaving workers to focus on more important matters. The robots don't interrupt themselves to recharge, only driving over charging contact poles during necessary movement and between tasks thus taking the 'opportunity' to charge while moving.
Autonomous Charging
Each robot stops working to charge its battery to full power (like your phone on an adaptor). The Autonomous Mobile Robot (AMR) works continuously until the battery falls below a defined threshold (e.g. 20%) and then drives and docks itself into a charging station. After the complete charging cycle, the robot returns to the floor, ready to work.
Remote Monitoring
AMRs are connected remotely so they can be monitored from a distance by operatives while in use. This allows operatives and service engineers to plan shutdowns and services of the robots at specific times and dates. It also facilitates the mapping and editing of robots' routes and journeys.